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We establish that the Magellanic Stream (MS) is some 40 degrees longer thanpreviously known with certainty and that the entire MS and Leading Arm (LA)system is thus at least 200 degrees long. With the GBT, we conducted a ~200square degree, 21-cm survey at the MS-tip to substantiate the continuity of theMS between the Hulsbosch & Wakker data and the MS-like emission reported byBraun & Thilker. Our survey, in combination with the Arecibo survey byStanimirovic et al., shows that the MS gas is continuous in this region andthat the MS is at least ~140 degrees long. We identify a new filament on theeastern side of the MS that significantly deviates from the equator of the MScoordinate system for more than ~45 degrees. Additionally, we find a previouslyunknown velocity inflection in the MS-tip near MS longitude L_MS=-120 degreesat which the velocity reaches a minimum and then starts to increase. We findthat five compact high velocity clouds cataloged by de Heij et al. as well asWright's Cloud are plausibly associated with the MS because they match the MSin position and velocity. The mass of the newly-confirmed ~40 degree extensionof the MS-tip is ~2x10^7 Msun (d/120 kpc)^2 (including Wright's Cloud increasesthis by ~50%) and increases the total mass of the MS by ~4%. However, projectedmodel distances of the MS at the tip are generally quite large and, if true,indicate that the mass of the extension might be as large as ~10^8 Msun. Fromour combined map of the entire MS, we find that the total column density(integrated transverse to the MS) drops markedly along the MS and follows anexponential decline with L_MS. We estimate that the age of the ~140 degree-longMS is ~2.5 Gyr which coincides with bursts of star formation in the MagellanicClouds and a possible close encounter of these two galaxies with each otherthat could have triggered the formation of the MS. [Abridged]

The 200 Degree-Long Magellanic Stream System