English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

For the first time, we have used RHESSI's spatial and energy resolution todetermine the combined chromospheric and coronal density profile of the flaringsolar atmosphere in a statistical manner, using a dataset of 838 flaresobservable in hard X-rays above 25 keV. Assuming the thick-target beam model,our "average flaring atmosphere" was found to have density scale heights of131+/-16 km at low altitudes (chromosphere, up to ~1-1.5 Mm above photosphere),and of 5-6 Mm at high altitudes (corona, above ~2-3 Mm). Assuming a unit stepchange in ionization level, modeling yields a height of 1.3+/-0.2 Mm for thetransition between fully neutral to fully-ionized atmosphere. Furthermore,centroids of emission above 50 keV, produced by electrons of similar or higherenergies, are located mostly in a small region ~0.5 Mm in vertical extent,where neutral densities are beyond 3x10^13 cm^-3.

Statistically-derived flaring chromospheric-coronal density structure from non-thermal X-ray observations of the Sun