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We present the results of a photometric and spectroscopic survey of 321 Lymanbreak galaxies (LBGs) at z ~ 3 to investigate systematically the relationshipbetween Lya emission and stellar populations. Lya equivalent widths (EW) werecalculated from rest-frame UV spectroscopy and optical/near-infrared/Spitzerphotometry was used in population synthesis modeling to derive the keyproperties of age, dust extinction, star formation rate (SFR), and stellarmass. We directly compare the stellar populations of LBGs with and withoutstrong Lya emission, where we designate the former group (EW > 20 AA) as Lyaemitters (LAEs) and the latter group (EW < 20 AA) as non-LAEs. This controlledmethod of comparing objects from the same UV luminosity distribution representsan improvement over previous studies in which the stellar populations of LBGsand narrowband-selected LAEs were contrasted, where the latter were oftenintrinsically fainter in broadband filters by an order of magnitude simply dueto different selection criteria. Using a variety of statistical tests, we findthat Lya equivalent width and age, SFR, and dust extinction, respectively, aresignificantly correlated in the sense that objects with strong Lya emissionalso tend to be older, lower in star formation rate, and less dusty thanobjects with weak Lya emission, or the line in absorption. We accordinglyconclude that, within the LBG sample, objects with strong Lya emissionrepresent a later stage of galaxy evolution in which supernovae-inducedoutflows have reduced the dust covering fraction. We also examined thehypothesis that the attenuation of Lya photons is lower than that of thecontinuum, as proposed by some, but found no evidence to support this picture.

The Relationship Between Stellar Populations and Lyman Alpha Emission in Lyman Break Galaxies