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We present the discovery of spectacular double X-ray tails associated withESO137-001 and a possibly heated X-ray tail associated with ESO137-002, bothlate-type galaxies in the closest rich cluster Abell 3627. A deep Chandraobservation of ESO137-001 allows us for the first time to examine the spatialand spectral properties of such X-ray tails in detail. Besides the known brighttail that extends to ~ 80 kpc from ESO137-001, a fainter and narrower secondarytail with a similar length was surprisingly revealed. There is littletemperature variation along both tails. We also identified six X-ray pointsources as candidates of intracluster ULXs with L(0.3-10 keV) of up to2.5x10^40 erg s^-1. Gemini spectra of intracluster HII regions downstream ofESO137-001 are also presented, as well as the velocity map of these HII regionsthat shows the imprint of ESO137-001's disk rotation. For the first time, weunambiguously know that active star formation can happen in the cold ISMstripped by ICM ram pressure and it may contribute a significant amount of theintracluster light. We also report the discovery of a 40 kpc X-ray tail ofanother late-type galaxy in A3627, ESO137-002. Its X-ray tail seems hot, ~ 2keV (compared to ~ 0.8 keV for ESO137-001's tails). We conclude that the highpressure environment around these two galaxies is important for their brightX-ray tails and the intracluster star formation.

Spectacular X-ray tails, intracluster star formation and ULXs in A3627