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The properties of elliptical galaxies are broadly consistent with simulatedremnants of gas-rich mergers between spirals, motivating more detailed studiesof the imprint of this formation mechanism on the remnant distributionfunction. Gas has a strong impact on the non-Gaussian shapes of theline-of-sight velocity distributions (LOSVDs) of the merger remnant, owing tothe embedded disk that forms out of the gas that retains its angular momentumduring the merger, and the strong central mass concentration from the gas thatfalls to the center. The deviations from Gaussianity are parametrized by theGauss-Hermite moments h_3 and h_4, which are related to the skewness andkurtosis of the LOSVDs. We quantify the dependence of the (h_3,h_4)-v/sigmarelations on the initial gas fraction of the progenitor disks in 1:1 mergers,using Gadget-2 simulations including star formation, radiative cooling, andfeedback from supernovae and AGN. For gas fractions f_gas < ~15% the overallcorrelation between h_3 and v/sigma is weak, consisting of a flat negativelycorrelated component arising from edge-on viewing angles plus a steeppositively correlated part from face-on projections. The spread in v/sigmavalues decreases toward high positive h_4, and there is a trend toward lowerh_4 as the gas fraction increases from 0 to 15%. For f_gas > ~20% the (h_3,4)-v/sigma distributions look quite different - there is a tight negative h_3-v/sigma correlation, and a wide spread in v/sigma values at all h_4, in betteragreement with observations. Re-mergers of the high-f_gas remnants (drymergers) produce slowly rotating systems with nearly Gaussian LOSVDs. Weexplain all of these trends in terms of the underlying orbit structure of theremnants, as molded by their dissipative formation histories.

The imprint of dissipation on the shapes of merger remnant LOSVDs