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We present the results of an observational campaign which obtained high timecadence, high precision, simultaneous optical and IR photometric observationsof three M dwarf flare stars for 47 hours. The campaign was designed tocharacterize the behavior of energetic flare events, which routinely occur on Mdwarfs, at IR wavelengths to milli-magnitude precision, and quantify to whatextent such events might influence current and future efforts to detect andcharacterize extrasolar planets surrounding these stars. We detected andcharacterized four highly energetic optical flares having U-band total energiesof ~7.8x10^30 to ~1.3x10^32 ergs, and found no corresponding response in the J,H, or Ks bandpasses at the precision of our data. For active dM3e stars, wefind that a ~1.3x10^32 erg U-band flare (delta Umax ~1.5 mag) will induce <8.3(J), <8.5 (H), and <11.7 (Ks) milli-mags of a response. A flare of this energyor greater should occur less than once per 18 hours. For active dM4.5e stars,we find that a ~5.1x10^31 erg U-band flare (delta Umax ~1.6 mag) will induce<7.8 (J), <8.8 (H), and <5.1 (Ks) milli-mags of a response. A flare of thisenergy or greater should occur less than once per 10 hours. No evidence ofstellar variability not associated with discrete flare events was observed atthe level of ~3.9 milli-mags over 1 hour time-scales and at the level of ~5.6milli-mags over 7.5 hour time-scales. We therefore demonstrate that most Mdwarf stellar activity and flares will not influence IR detection andcharacterization studies of M dwarf exoplanets above the level of ~5-11milli-mags, depending on the filter and spectral type. We speculate that themost energetic megaflares on M dwarfs, which occur at rates of once per month,are likely to be easily detected in IR observations with sensitivity of tens ofmilli-mags.

The Implications of M Dwarf Flares on the Detection and Characterization of Exoplanets at Infrared Wavelengths