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We present sensitive phase-referenced VLBI results on the radio continuumemission from the z=1.87 luminous submillimeter galaxy (SMG) GOODS 850-3. Theobservations were carried out at 1.4 GHz using the High Sensitivity Array(HSA). Our sensitive tapered VLBI image of GOODS 850-3 at 0.47 x 0.34 arcsec(3.9 x 2.9 kpc) resolution shows a marginally resolved continuum structure witha peak flux density of 148 \pm 38 uJy/beam, and a total flux density of 168 \pm73 uJy, consistent with previous VLA and MERLIN measurements. The derivedintrinsic brightness temperature is > 5 \pm 2 x 10^3 K. The radio continuumposition of this galaxy coincides with a bright and extended near-infraredsource that nearly disappears in the deep HST optical image, indicating a dustysource of nearly 9 kpc in diameter. No continuum emission is detected at thefull VLBI resolution (13.2 x 7.2 mas, 111 x 61 pc), with a 4-sigma point sourceupper limit of 26 uJy/beam, or an upper limit to the intrinsic brightnesstemperature of 4.7 x 10^5 K. The extent of the observed continuum source at 1.4GHz and the derived brightness temperature limits are consistent with the radioemission (and thus presumably the far-infrared emission) being powered by amajor starburst in GOODS 850-3, with a star formation rate of ~2500 M_sun/yr.Moreover, the absence of any continuum emission at the full resolution of theVLBI observations indicates the lack of a compact radio AGN source in thisz=1.87 SMG.

High Sensitivity Array Observations of the z=1.87 Sub-Millimeter Galaxy GOODS 850-3