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We present ultraviolet, optical, and near-infrared photometry as well asoptical spectra of the peculiar supernova (SN) 2008ha. SN 2008ha had a very lowpeak luminosity, reaching only M_V = -14.2 mag, and low line velocities of only~2000 km/s near maximum brightness, indicating a very small kinetic energy perunit mass of ejecta. Spectroscopically, SN 2008ha is a member of the SN2002cx-like class of SNe, a peculiar subclass of SNe Ia; however, SN 2008ha isthe most extreme member, being significantly fainter and having lower linevelocities than the typical member, which is already ~2 mag fainter and hasline velocities ~5000 km/s smaller (near maximum brightness) than a normal SNIa. SN 2008ha had a remarkably short rise time of only ~10 days, significantlyshorter than either SN 2002cx-like objects (~15 days) or normal SNe Ia (~19.5days). The bolometric light curve of SN 2008ha indicates that SN 2008ha peakedat L_peak = (9.5 +/- 1.4) x 10^40 ergs/s, making SN 2008ha perhaps the leastluminous SN ever observed. From its peak luminosity and rise time, we inferthat SN 2008ha generated (3.0 +/- 0.9) x 10^-3 M_sun of 56Ni, had a kineticenergy of ~2 x 10^48 ergs, and ejected 0.15 M_sun of material. We classifythree new (and one potential) members of the SN 2002cx-like class, expandingthe sample to 14 (and one potential) members. The host-galaxy morphologydistribution of the class is consistent with that of SNe Ia, Ib, Ic, and II.Several models for generating low-luminosity SNe can explain the observationsof SN 2008ha; however, if a single model is to describe all SN 2002cx-likeobjects, either electron capture in Ne-Mg white dwarfs causing a core collapse,or deflagration of C-O white dwarfs with SN 2008ha being a partial deflagrationand not unbinding the progenitor star, are preferred. Abridged.

SN 2008ha: An Extremely Low Luminosity and Extremely Low Energy Supernova