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Here we propose a new gamma-ray burst (GRB) mission, the Next GenerationRapid-Response GRB Observatory (NGRG). As with Swift, GRBs are initiallylocated with a coded-mask X-ray camera. However, the NGRG has two new features:First, a beam-steering system to begin optical observations within ~ 1 s afterlocation; second, a near-IR (NIR) camera viewing the same sky, for sensitivityto extinguished bursts. These features allow measurement of the rise phase ofGRB optical-NIR emission. Thus far, the rise time and transition between promptand afterglow in the optical and NIR are rarely measured. Rapid-responsemeasurements explore many science topics including optical emission mechanisms(synchrotron vs. SSC, photospheric emission) and jet characteristics (reversevs. forward shock emission, baryon-dominated vs. magnetic dominated). Rapidoptical-NIR response can measure dynamic evolution of extinction due tovaporization of dust, and separate star system and galaxy dust extinction. Wediscuss these measurements, giving reliable detection rate estimates fromanalysis of Swift data and scaled Swift performance. The NGRG will exploreoptical/NIR emission measured earlier than ever before, and potentiallyfainter, more extinguished GRBs than ever before. In the current era, costs areimportant. Our proposed modest NGRG can still produce new GRB science, whileproviding rapid GRB alerts for the entire community for post-Swift GRB science.We show that an X-ray instrument barely 1/5 the area of Swift BAT will yield asignificant fraction of Swift's detection rate: more than 65 X-ray, and with a30 cm optical-IR telescope and modern cameras, more than 19 NIR and 14 opticaldetections each year. In addition, active feedback control of the beam-steeringwould remove the need for arc sec stabilization of the spacecraft, for asubstantial cost saving.

A Small, Rapid Optical-IR Response Gamma-Ray Burst Space Observatory (The NGRG)