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Isaac Newton owes his fame to the books on which he is shown reclining nonchalantly in the baroque representation that adorns his funerary monument in Westminster Abbey. Yet, just as in the case of his contemporaries Christiaan Huygens and Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, his intellectual life is best revealed by his manuscripts. Like many scholars of his age, Newton kept a well-ordered archive of letters and manuscripts, some of which— especially those from his youth—are bound into notebooks organized as commonplace books, a way of organizing knowledge under headings that dates back to the Middle Ages. Knowing how to keep and update one’s archive of letters (including letters received and sometimes copies of those sent1), original manuscript notes, and excerpts from books and manuscripts was a craft learned by example: in the case of Newton, the example was his stepfather, Barnabas Smith, whose huge and very valuable in-folio “Waste Book” (Cambridge University Library, MS Add. 4004)—which also contains the reverend’s theological annotations—the young subsizar inherited when he entered Trinity College in 1661. Manuscripts were not only a storage resource and a means of organizing knowledge under headings and subheadings: they were also a means of communication, since they were circulated and copied. They were often shown to visitors—Edmond Halley’s 1684 visit to Newton being iconic in this regard. The transmission of knowledge via manuscript circulation flourished in Restoration England, and Newton followed a policy of disclosure and concealment of his private writings that was dictated by his philosophical agendas, as well as—in the case of the theological manuscripts—well-justified worries concerning the consequences he would have suffered as a staunch anti-Trinitarian by their publication.

isis

Digitizing Isaac NewtonRobert Iliffe (Director). The Newton Project. http://www.newtonproject.sussex.ac.uk.William R. Newman (Director). The Chymistry of Isaac Newton. http://webapp1.dlib.indiana.edu/newton/.Stephen Snobelen (Director). The Newton Project Canada. http://www.isaacnewton.ca/.