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A representative sample of unevolved early B-type stars in nearby OBassociations and the field is analysed to unprecedented precision using NLTEtechniques. The resulting chemical composition is found to be more metal-richand much more homogeneous than indicated by previous work. A rms scatter of~10% in abundances is found for the six stars (and confirmed by six evolvedstars), the same as reported for ISM gas-phase abundances. A cosmic abundancestandard for the present-day solar neighbourhood is proposed, implying massfractions for hydrogen, helium and metals of X=0.715, Y=0.271 and Z=0.014. Goodagreement with solar photospheric abundances as reported from recent 3Dradiative-hydrodynamical simulations of the solar atmosphere is obtained. As afirst application we use the cosmic abundance standard as a proxy for thedetermination of the local ISM dust-phase composition, putting tightobservational constraints on dust models.

A cosmic abundance standard: chemical homogeneity of the solar neighbourhood and the ISM dust-phase composition