English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

A two-dimensional (2D) shock-rest-frame model for particle simulations isdeveloped. Then full kinetic dynamics of a perpendicular collisionless shock isexamined by means of a 2D full particle simulation. We found that in the 2Dsimulation there are fewer nonthermal electrons due to surfing accelerationwhich was seen in the previous 1D simulations of a high Mach numberperpendicular shock in a low-beta and weakly magnetized plasma. This is becausethe particle motion along the ambient magnetic field disturbs the formation ofcoherent electrostatic solitary structures which is necessary for electronsurfing acceleration.

Two-dimensional full particle simulation of a perpendicular collisionless shock with a shock-rest-frame model