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We report the discovery of a compact supercluster structure at z=0.9. Thestructure comprises three optically-selected clusters, all of which aredetected in X-rays and spectroscopically confirmed to lie at the same redshift.The Chandra X-ray temperatures imply individual masses of ~5x10^14 Msun. TheX-ray masses are consistent with those inferred from optical--X-ray scalingrelations established at lower redshift. A strongly-lensed z~4 Lyman breakgalaxy behind one of the clusters allows a strong-lensing mass to be estimatedfor this cluster, which is in good agreement with the X-ray measurement.Optical spectroscopy of this cluster gives a dynamical mass in good agreementwith the other independent mass estimates. The three components of theRCS2319+00 supercluster are separated from their nearest neighbor by a mere <3Mpc in the plane of the sky and likely <10 Mpc along the line-of-sight, and weinterpret this structure as the high-redshift antecedent of massive (~10^15Msun) z~0.5 clusters such as MS0451.5-0305.

A z=0.9 supercluster of X-ray luminous, optically-selected, massive galaxy clusters