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Sub-arcsecond observations using the Very Large Array (VLA) are presented forlow-luminosity water maser in M82, M51, and NGC4051. New maser features havebeen detected within the M82 starburst complex. They are largely associatedwith star-forming activity, such as optically identified starburst-drivenwinds, H II regions, or the early phase of star formation in the galaxy. Thewater maser in M51 consists of blueshifted and redshifted features relative tothesystemic velocity of the galaxy. The redshifted features are measured to thenorthwest of the nuclear radio source, while the location of the blueshiftedcounterpart is displaced by about 2" from the radio source. A small velocitygradient closely aligned with the radio jet is detected from the redshiftedfeatures. The redshifted maser most likely amplifies the background radiocontinuum jet, while the blueshifted counterpart marks off-nuclear starformation in the galaxy. All of the detected maser features in the narrow-lineSeyfert 1 galaxy NGC 4051 remain unresolved by new VLA observations. Due to thelow luminosity of the maser, the maser excitation is not directly related tothe active galactic nucleus.Comment: 20 pages, 10 figures. Accepted for publication in AJ (17/Oct/2006

Low-Luminosity Extragalactic Water Masers toward M82, M51, and NGC 4051