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We present results from a study of the NGC 4756 group which is dominated bythe elliptical galaxy NGC 5746. The characteristics of the group areinvestigated through (a) the detailed investigation of the morphological,photometric and spectroscopic properties of nine galaxies among the dominantmembers of the group (b) the determination of the photometric parameters of thefaint galaxy population in an area of 34'x34' centered on NGC 4756 and (c) ananalysis of the X-ray emission in the area based upon archival data. The 9member galaxies are located in the core part of the NGC 4756 group (a stripdiameter about 300 kpc in diameter which has a very loose configuration. Thecentral part of the NGC 4756 group contains a significant fraction ofearly-type galaxies. Three new group members with previously unknown systemicvelocities are identified, one of which is a dE. At about 7.5' SW of NGC 4756 asub-structure of the group is detected, including IC 829, MCG -2-33-35, MCG-2-33-36 and MCG -2-33-38, which meets the Hickson criteria for being a compactgroup. Most of the galaxies in this sub-structure show interaction signatures.We do not detect apparent fine structure and signatures of recent interactionevents in the early-type galaxy population, with the exception of a strong dustlane in the elliptical MCG -2-33-38. This galaxy displays however signatures ofnuclear activity. Strong [O III], [N II] and [S II] line emission, combinedwith comparatively weak, but broad H alpha emission suggest an intermediateSeyfert type classification. Although the area is heavily contaminated by thebackground cluster Abell 1631, X-ray data suggest the presence of a hotintergalactic medium related to the group to the X-ray emission detected. Thepresent results are discussed in the context of group evolution.Comment: 45 pages including 10 figures and 8 tables accepted for publication  in A

Small-Scale Systems of Galaxies. II. Properties of the NGC 4756 Group of Galaxies