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We have investigated the global properties of the globular cluster (GC)systems of three early-type galaxies: the Virgo elliptical NGC4406, the fieldelliptical NGC3379, and the field S0 galaxy NGC4594. These galaxies wereobserved as part of a wide-field CCD survey of the GC populations of a sampleof normal galaxies beyond the Local Group. Images obtained with the Mosaicdetector on the Kitt Peak 4-m provide radial coverage to at least 24', or70-100 kpc. We use BVR photometry and image classification to select GCcandidates and thereby reduce contamination from non-GCs, and HST data to helpquantify the contamination that remains. The GC systems of all three galaxieshave color distributions with at least two peaks and show modest negative colorgradients. The proportions of blue GCs range from 60-70% of the totalpopulations. The GC specific frequency (S_N) of NGC4406 is 3.5+/-0.5, 20% lowerthan past estimates and nearly identical to S_N for the other Virgo clusterelliptical included in our survey, NGC4472. S_N for NGC3379 and NGC4594 are1.2+/-0.3 and 2.1+/-0.3, respectively; these are similar to past values but theerrors have been reduced by a factor of 2-3. We compare our results to modelsfor the formation of massive galaxies and their GC systems. Of the scenarios weconsider, a hierarchical merging picture -- in which metal-poor GCs form athigh redshift in protogalactic building blocks and metal-rich GC populationsare built up during subsequent gas-rich mergers -- appears most consistent withthe data. [abridged]Comment: 39 pages, incl. 12 figures and 8 tables; accepted for publication in  The Astronomical Journal, January 2004 issu

The Globular Cluster Systems of the Early-Type Galaxies NGC 3379, NGC 4406, and NGC 4594 and Implications for Galaxy Formation