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We have searched for a methane signature in the infrared spectrum of tauBootis, produced by the planetary companion. The observations comprise 598low-noise, high resolution spectra near 3.28 microns, which we analyze bycross-correlating with a modeled planetary spectrum based on the work ofBurrows and Sharp (1999), and Sudarsky et al. (2000). The 3-sigma random noiselevel of our analysis is 0.00006 stellar continuum flux units, and theconfusion noise limit - measuring the resemblence of a cross-correlationfeature to the spectrum of methane - is 0.00025.  We find a significant cross-correlation amplitude of 0.00033 continuum unitsat a velocity near that of the star. This is likely due to methane from alow-mass companion in a long-period orbit. Fischer, Butler and Marcy (2000)report a long-term velocity drift indicative of such a companion. But thesystem is known to be a visual binary with an eccentric orbit, and is rapidlyapproaching periastron. Whether the visual companion can account for ourobservations and the Fischer et al. velocity drift depends on knowing the orbitmore precisely. The stability of planetary orbits in this system also dependscrucially on the properties of the binary orbit. A second cross-correlationfeature, weaker and much more diffuse, has intensity amplitude 0.0002 continuumunits and occurs at a velocity amplitude of 71 +/-10 km/sec, in agreement withthe orbit claimed for the planet by Cameron et al. (1999). Like the firstfeature, it has passed several tests designed to reject systematic errors. Wediscuss the possibility that this second feature is due to the planet.Comment: 20 pages, LATEX, 5 ps figures (5th is color ps), accepted for Ap

A Sensitive Search for Methane in the Infrared Spectrum of τ Bootis