English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Free Plan

We investigate the evolution of the surface properties of models for rotatingmassive stars, i.e., their luminosities, effective temperatures, surfacerotational velocities, and surface abundances of all isotopes, from the zeroage main sequence to the supernova stage. Our results are based on the grid ofstellar models by Heger, Langer, & Woosley, which covers solar metallicitystars in the initial mass range 8 - 25 solar masses. Results are parameterizedby initial mass, initial rotational velocity and major uncertainties in thetreatment of the rotational mixing inside massive stars.  Rotationally induced mixing processes widen the main sequence and increasethe core hydrogen burning lifetime, similar to the effects of convectiveovershooting. It can also significantly increase the luminosity during andafter core hydrogen burning, and strongly affects the evolution of theeffective temperature. Our models predict surface rotational velocities forvarious evolutionary stages, in particular for blue supergiants, redsupergiants, and for the immediate presupernova stage.  We discuss the changes of the surface abundances due to rotationally inducedmixing for main sequence and post main sequence stars. We single out twocharacteristics by which the effect of rotational mixing can be distinguishedfrom that of massive close binary mass transfer, the only alternative processleading to non-standard chemical surface abundances in massive stars. Acomparison with observed abundance anomalies in various types of massive starssupports the concept of rotational mixing in massive stars and indicates thatit is responsible for most of the observed abundance anomalies.Comment: 36 pages, 18 figures, 4 tables, accepted by Ap

Presupernova Evolution of Rotating Massive Stars. II. Evolution of the Surface Properties