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The object of this paper is to describe a simple method for the staining in smear preparations of Spiroch~eta pallida and to present certain observations which I have been enabled to make upon the morphology and reproduction of the microorganism through the use of this staining method. I have examined a large number of cases of syphilis and various syphi-litic lesions, and it is upon the study of a relatively large mass of material that I base m y conclusions. I have purposely omitted references to the literature of m y subject as this communication is intended to be a report of personal observations. The Giemsa staining method, which is based upon the Nocht-Romanowsky principle of staining, is so time-consuming, where the question of a possible quick differential diagnosis is to be considered, as to be quite useless. Besides this, we have to deal with the disadvantage that the organism is stained so lightly as at times to be readily overlooked. One can safely state that there is no modification of the Romanowsky method which wilt not stain the pallida, but I believe the results to be less brilliant than those obtainable by the method I am about to describe. I prepare a dye for Spirochseta pallida as follows: In 200 cubic centimeters of water two grams of lithium car-bonate are dissolved and two grams of methylene blue are added. While some other carbonate m a y be used, the use of lithium salt seems to me preferable. The methylene blue is either Merck's medicinal, or Gruebler's B X, or Koch's rectified. This alkaline methylene blue solution is heated in a rice-boiler with a moderate amount of heat until a rich polychrome has formed. The steps 45E

CONCERNING THE MORPHOLOGY AND REPRODUCTION OF SPIROCHÆTA PALLIDA AND A RAPID METHOD FOR STAINING THE ORGANISM