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The origin of many eases of acute inflammation of the pancreas in a diversioxl of the biliary secretion from the intestine into the pancreatic duct has been established by Opie's 1 observation and experiments. His experiments did not, however, take into account the nature of the biliarv constituent which excites the inflammatory and other changes, neither did they undertake to discover whether varying effects were ever produced by samples of bile of different composition. While Opie's discovery threw much fight upon acute hmmorrhagie pancreatitis it did not illuminate particularly the less acute or the chronic forms of pancreatic disease. It is noteworthy tha t the association of cholelithiasis with pancreatic disease 2 is more frequent than the mere acute affections of the gland, a n d the coincidence of cholelithiasis with sclerosis of the pancreas is so common as to arouse a suspicion of a possible pathological relationship of these conditions. The experiments which form the subject of the present communication are believed to show, first, the nature of the constituent of bile which acts injuriously upon the pancreatic tissue, and, second, the mechanism by which the injurious action of this consti tuent is modified and controlled and hence rendered capable of bringing about widely diverse effects. The experiments made upon the dog are believed not to be without application to similar pathological conditions found in man. The bile contains two sets of constituents of highly different chemical composition: crystalline principles, and colloids. The

THE CONSTITUENT OF THE BILE CAUSING PANCREATITIS AND THE EFFECT OF COLLOIDS UPON ITS ACTION