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In their classical experiments on membrane fluidity, Frye and Edidin (1) triggered further research on the fluid mosaic model of membrane structure (2) in numerous other laboratories . Since then, investigators in this field have also emphasized the planar, functionally specialized mosaics within the generally fluid bilayer of the membrane. These mosaics comprise areas where specific groups oflipids, proteins, glycoconjugates, and sterols aggregate to mediate specific functions . To cite several different facets of the membrane-domain concept, we can recall the now familiar work of Goldstein et al. (3) on the distinctive participation of coated pits in receptor-mediated endocytosis. Other thought-provoking membrane regionalities are the rosette-particle arrays instrumental in mucocyst secretion in Tetrahymena (4), the need for specific lipids for the complete activity of cytochrome c oxidase and other membrane-related enzymes (5), and the variations of phospholipid content in continuous membrane systems . (Consider the nuclear envelope and the rough-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum [6l .) The Symposium on Plasma-Membrane Diversity (see footnote) involved the existence and topography of such polysaccharide, lipid, and protein mosaics in the plasma membrane . We addressed ourselves to the broad questions : Do our methods and techniques verify the presence of domains in living cells? Where these membrane domains apparently exist, are their structure and composition pertinent to specific membrane-functions? How are domains sustained in a supposedly fluid environment? And when they reside in the depth as well as the plane of the bilayer, can we manipulate them to modify plasma-membrane and cell function?

Plasma-membrane diversity in a highly polarized cell.