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It has generally been accepted during recent years that the fixatives of choice for delicate biological material should have a pH and osmolality in the same range as the fluids of the tissue under study (9) . With rare exceptions, such as certain specially adapted sea organisms, biological tissues usually are fixed for electron microscopy in solutions of 300-350 milliosmols, and pH 7 .0-7 .6 . Relatively little regard has been given to the fixation of viruses; rather, it has been assumed that the best conditions for virus fixation coincide with those which yield good preservation of the host tissue . It was shown by Peters and coworkers that the DNA-containing cores of vaccinia and other poxviruses possess an ordered, complex substructure, usually characterized by a triplet of tubular elements (4-6) . Similar structures in fowlpox virus (FP) could not be demonstrated (1), and it was because of this that an investigation of the effects of variations in pH and osmolality was undertaken . It is the purpose of the present report to demonstrate the sensitivity of fowlpox virus to variations in pH and osmolality, and to show that highly ordered substructure of the core not visible by standard methods is revealed after fixation under unconventional conditions .

THE INFLUENCE OF PH AND OSMOLALITY ON FIXATION OF THE FOWLPOX VIRUS CORE