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During an investigation of the fine structure of disintegrated flagella from Pteridium sperm cells by using negative staining (1), the author had attempted to use Markam's linear integration technique to analyze repeating subunits in the walls of doublets . This method, although providing useful information about the size and shape of the basic 35-A protein subunits, was less successful when used to determine higher orders along each doublet compared with those deduced from optical diffraction of negatively stained cilia of Trichonympha by Grimstone and Klug (3) . Following the demonstration by Gall (2) that a light microscope may be used as an optical diffractometer, it has now been possible to investigate the negatively stained flagella of Pteridium sperm cells by his technique . The chief findings are presented in this paper . In general, the diffraction patterns that were obtained from doublets and whole flagellar regions from this plant material are closely comparable with those previously published by Grimstone and Klug (3) for the protozoan Trichonympha .

INVESTIGATION OF NEGATIVELY STAINED PLANT FLAGELLAR MICROTUBULES BY OPTICAL DIFFRACTION