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By comparison with the B cell of the endocrine pancreas, the A cell has been little studied both in the normal and in pathologic states. Recently, however, several publications have been devoted to A-cell morphology and secretory cycle (1), and to the still controversial distinction between several A-cell types (2). Furthermore, with the availability of the immunoassay procedures for glucagon (3), dynamic studies of glucagon secretion have become possible. The suggestion has been made that glucagon not only opposes insulin action but also favors it through stimulation of insulin release (4). This double relationship proposed between the two major types of endocrine pancreatic cells prompts us to report on a striking increase in A-cell lysosomes which we have observed in two types of diabetes in animals: the spontaneous diabetes of spiny mice (Acomys cahirinus) and the experimental diabetes resulting from the injection of streptozotocin in rats. In both instances, the increased A-cell lysosomes were associated with evidence for lysis of alpha granules. Acomys cahirinus is a small rodent living in semidesertic regions of the southeastern Mediterranean region. All specimens which we have examined exhibited marked congenital hyperplasia of the islets of Langerhans (5). Diabetes occurred spontaneously in approximately 15% and was either intermittent or, in most instances, persistent. It was characterized by hyperglycemia, decreased levels of immunoreactive insulin in

GRANULOLYSIS IN A CELLS OF ENDOCRINE PANCREAS IN SPONTANEOUS AND EXPERIMENTAL DIABETES IN ANIMALS