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Phylloporia , a wood-inhabiting fungal genus, has been used as an anti-inflammatory food taken in the form of tea in Shandong Province, China. The species used in folklore have been clarified as  Phylloporia fontanesiae  and  P. lonicerae . To promote the utilization of  Phylloporia  and its benefit to human health, sources, medicinal metabolites and functions, safety, and commercial potentials are summarized in this review. The fruiting bodies are the most acceptable sources of  Phylloporia , but their shortage makes fermented mycelia a good alternative. Polysaccharides, sterols, acidic components, styryl compounds and polychlorinated compounds are the most well-studied medicinal metabolites extracted from  Phylloporia . The main medicinal functions revealed from  Phylloporia  include antitumor, immunomodulation, antioxidant, neuroprotection, prevention of diabetes and its complications, and antimicrobial activity. The safety of  Phylloporia  has been demonstrated by experimenting for acute and subchronic oral toxicity of fermented mycelia on animals. A large number of patents even if some are being examined have indicated the commercial potentials of  Phylloporia . In the future, increased efforts regarding species identification, artificial cultivation and multi-omics data will contribute to the deeper exploration of the medicinal potential of  Phylloporia .

Phylloporia (Hymenochaetales, Basidiomycota), a Medicinal Wood-inhabiting Fungal Genus with Much Potential for Commercial Development