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This study aimed to compare different models of Wʹ balance (Wʹ bal ) during road cycling races. These models allow tracking of the depletion and reconstitution of energy reserves during intermittent exercises. Fifteen high-level cyclists shared a year of data, including the power output and GPS records. They then selected a race during which they were in very good condition, and where they reached a maximum level of exhaustion in the final phase. Based on their seasonal data, their critical power and Wʹ were calculated and incorporated into the integral and differential models of Skiba and Bartram model. Wʹ bal  was calculated throughout the races and normalised to Wʹ. The integral, differential, and Bartram models predicted a mean Wʹ bal  of 41 ± 27%, 67 ± 17%, and 82 ± 9%, a minimum Wʹ bal  of −21 ± 28%, −3 ± 22%, and 22 ± 24%, and a Wʹ bal  at the identified point of exhaustion of 0 ± 30%, 21 ± 28%, and 42 ± 23% (all significantly different,  p  &lt; 0.01). Given the large differences between the models and the high inter-individual variability of Wʹ bal  at the participant-identified point of exhaustion, this study shows that the models are not interchangeable and that the values of Wʹ bal  should be considered with caution when analysing races.

Comparison of different models of Wʹ balance in high-level road cycling races