English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) inhalation may alleviate pulmonary inflammation caused by viral pneumonia. To investigate this, we evaluated its efficacy on COVID-19 pneumonia. This double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled study (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04642950) evaluated patients in the first half of 2021 at seven Japanese hospitals. Hospitalised patients with COVID-19 pneumonia with moderate hypoxaemia inhaled sargramostim or placebo for 5 days. The primary endpoint was days to achieve a ≥ 2-category improvement from baseline on a modified 7-category ordinal scale. Secondary endpoints included degree of oxygenation, defined by amount of oxygen supply, and serum CCL17 level. Seventy-five patients were randomly assigned in a 2:1 ratio to receive sargramostim or placebo, of which 47 and 23 were analysed, respectively. No difference was observed between groups regarding the primary endpoint (8.0 and 7.0 days for sargramostim and placebo, respectively) or in the secondary endpoints, except for CCL17. A  post hoc  sub-analysis indicated that endpoint assessments were influenced by concomitant corticosteroid therapy. When the cumulative corticosteroid dose was ≤500 mg during Days 1–5, recovery and oxygenation were faster in the sargramostim group than for placebo. Bolus dose corticosteroids were associated with temporarily impaired oxygenation and delayed clinical recovery. The increase in serum CCL17, a candidate prognostic factor, reflected improvement with sargramostim inhalation. The number of adverse events was similar between groups. Two serious adverse events were observed in the sargramostim group without causal relation. Inhaled sargramostim was likely to be effective for COVID-19 pneumonia unless the concomitant corticosteroid dose was high.

infectious diseases

Short-term inhalation of sargramostim with concomitant high-dose steroids does not hasten recovery in moderate COVID-19 pneumonia: a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial