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Chronic hepatitis B virus (CHB) infection is still incurable a major public health problem. It is yet unclear how host genetic factors influence the development of HBV infection. The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PPARGC1A) has been shown to regulate hepatitis B virus (HBV). Several reports found that  PPARGC1A  variants are involved in a number of distinct liver diseases. Here we investigate whether the  PPARGC1A rs8192678  (Gly482Ser) variant is involved in the spontaneous clearance of acute HBV infection and if it participates in chronic disease progression in Moroccan patients. Our study included 292 chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients and 181 individuals who spontaneously cleared-HBV infection. We genotyped the rs8192678 SNP using a TaqMan allelic discrimination assay and then explored its association with spontaneous HBV clearance and CHB progression. Our data showed that individuals carrying CT and TT genotypes were more likely to achieve spontaneous clearance (OR = 0.48, 95% CI (0.32–0.73),  p  = 0.00047; OR = 0.28, 95% CI (0.15–0.53),  p  = 0.00005, respectively). Subjects carrying the mutant allele T were more likely to achieve spontaneous clearance (OR = 0.51, 95% CI (0.38–0.67), P = 2.68E-06). However, when we investigated the impact of rs8192678 on the progression of liver diseases, we neither observe any influence ( p  &gt; 0.05) nor found any significant association between ALT, AST, HBV viral loads, and the  PPARGC1A  rs8192678 genotypes in patients with CHB ( p  &gt; 0.05). Our result suggests that  PPARGC1A  rs8192678 may modulate acute HBV infection, and could therefore represent a potential predictive marker in the Moroccan population.

The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1 alpha rs8192678 (Gly482Ser) variant and hepatitis B virus clearance