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Low-carbon steels are widely used in domestic appliances, the automobile industry and sheet metal work due to high drawability. Therefore, the cold-rolled sheet products are annealed to improve their ductility. In this paper, annealing parameters, namely, temperature, heating rate and soaking time, have been considered control factors for studying mechanical and microstructure behaviour of the drawing quality (DQ) grade steel. A Taguchi-based L18 orthogonal array is used to find the effect of parameters (temperature, heating rate and soaking time) on the mechanical properties and microstructure characteristics of the DQ grade steel. The optimal value of mechanical properties such as yield strength, ultimate strength and hardness was obtained at 650 °C (temperature), 120 °C/hr (heating rate) and 30 min. (soaking time), whereas the optimal value of elongation was obtained at 750 °C, 40 °C/hr and 60 min. The ANOVA technique is used to summarise the contribution of each variable. Temperature is the most significant parameter for the responses: yield strength, ultimate tensile strength, elongation and hardness with the contribution factor of 46.51%, 82.50%, 82.41% and 84.09% (respectively). Taguchi Grey Relational Analysis (TGRA) was applied to evaluate analytical data results in the highest value of GRG 0.733.

Investigation of annealing on CR-2 grade steel using Taguchi and Taguchi based gray relational analysis