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Laser beam machining (LBM) is a non-contact type advance machining process and can be applied to almost all metallic and non-metallic range of materials. The effect of process parameters such as feed, laser power, gas pressure, frequency, and duty cycle has been investigated on EN-31 die steel of 6 mm and 10 mm thickness to determine the surface roughness, heat-affected zone (HAZ) and taper effect of the hole. Second-order mathematical models with a regression coefficient greater than 90 degree have been achieved for all the responses using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and validated with the experimental results. Better cut quality has been obtained using an optimised model and also validated its results with a mathematical model. Feed and laser power were observed significant process parameters for governing the taper angle. The bottom edge has been observed with significant HAZ compared to the upper edge. Feed, Power, and gas pressure were the significant parameters to control the HAZ and surface roughness. Dross and striation patterns were observed at the hole cut section. Indentation of HAZ, surface damage and micro-cracks near the cut edges have been recognised using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM).

Laser machining of die steel (En-31): an experimental investigation to study the effect of process parameters