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Nonlinear weirs offer a relatively high discharge capacity under low water loads. Their efficiency, however, is decreased at high water loads due to the submergence of the weir outlet key. In the present study, sloping parapet walls with the heights of 2, 4, and 6 cm and lengths of 60 and 30 cm were added to trapezoidal labyrinth weir and piano-key weirs in order to reduce the submergence at the weir inlet. The experiments were conducted in a test flume with a length of 7 m and a width and height of 0.6 m. Results of this study suggested that addition of the sloping parapet walls could reduce discharge coefficient by at least 10% and 13% in Piano-Key Weirs and labyrinth weirs respectively as compared to the control cases. Also, after addition of the parapet walls, Piano-Key Weir outperformed labyrinth weir by up to 19% in terms of the discharge coefficient. The highest efficiency of parapet wall for Piano-Key Weirs was found to be corresponding to parapet wall length and height of 30 cm and 2 cm respectively which differed from that of labyrinth weir of the same parapet wall dimensions by 14%. In fact, the addition of the parapet walls to the labyrinth and piano-key weirs increases the efficiency at high discharges by up to 40%.

Investigation laboratory of the effect of increase of the height of the side wall on the performance of nonlinear weirs