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The present study describes the isolation and structural elucidation of bioactive natural products from the hydro ethanol extract of  Dilenia indica  L. barks (DIHEEB) and their inhibitory activity against  α -amylase and  α -glucosidase enzymes. Some natural products including  n -nonyl oleate ( 1 ), stigmasterol ( 2 ), β-sitotenone ( 3 ), betulin ( 4 ), and betulinic acid ( 5 ) were isolated from the DIHEEB extract. These natural products were characterized through IR, NMR, and mass spectroscopy. Among all these compounds,  4  and  5  have shown significant activity to inhibit  α -glucosidase and  α -amylase, which proves their anti-diabetic effect. The  α -amylase and  α -glucosidase inhibitory activity of  4  (α-amylase: IC 50  68.79±1.6 μg/ml; α-glucosidase: IC 50  69.19±1.8 μg/ml;) are very much comparable with known anti-diabetic drug acarbose (IC 50  64.70±1.6 μg/ml). But compound  5  also shows a comparable extent of activity against α-amylase and  α -glucosidase and it is also well established in the literature. Molecular docking and other  in-silico  properties were studied to elucidate the interactions and conformations of the isolated molecules with the target protein enzyme. With minimal conformational energy,  4  and  5  bind to the  α -amylase (PDB ID: 4GQR) and  α -glucosidase (PDB ID: 3A4A) enzymes, as proved by their respective docking score (-8.2 and -9.4 kcal/mol) and having different types of binding interactions. Also, the pharmacokinetics (PK), drug-likeness scores (DLS), and well permeability properties were studied along with no violation of Lipinski’s rule. Both  in vitro  and  in silico  results suggest that  D. indica  could be a potential source of anti-diabetic formulations.

α-Amylase and α-Glucosidase Enzyme Inhibition, Molecular Docking, and Pharmacokinetic Studies of Natural Products from Dilenia indica L. Barks