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There is an immediate demand for eco-friendly, high-performance, and highly stable energy storage materials for pulse power systems. Ceramics based on SrTiO 3  have a high breakdown strength (BDS) and dielectric constant. In this work, we fabricated a polycrystalline of Sr (1-x) (Nd, Li)xTiO 3  ceramics via microwave-assisted heating of the starting materials. X-ray diffraction analysis reveals a pure perovskite phase without any secondary phase. Scanning electron microscopy images exhibit dense grain morphology with a decrease in grain size as the dopant concentration increases. The frequency dependences of the dielectric properties were studied in the frequency range of 100 Hz-1 MHz at room temperature. The polarization-electric field hysteresis loops were examined to ascertain the effect of co-doping on the energy-storage capability of SrTiO 3  ceramics. After increasing the co-dopants from 0 to 8%, the energy density increased nine times (from 0.11 J/cm 3  to 0.952 J/cm 3 ), and the energy storage efficiency increased from 80.71% to 95.98%, respectively. In addition, the samples demonstrate excellent thermal stability, and their energy storage properties are stable up to 80°C. We may infer from this discovery that the bulk Nd 3+  and Li +  co-doped SrTiO 3  materials are good candidates for high-energy-density capacitor applications.

Achieving high energy storage performance and efficiency in lead-free SrTiO 3 ceramics via neodymium and lithium co-doping technique