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Objective:  p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75 NTR ) is associated with the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). However, its role is not fully understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between ALS and the extracellular domain of p75 NTR (p75 ECD ) in urine.  Methods:  We conducted a comprehensive literature search using keywords in the PubMed, Embase, Science, and the Cochrane Library, and identified five case control studies, with the latest date of search being 18 April 2021.  Results:  The results showed that urinary p75 ECD  levels were significantly higher in patients with ALS compared to non-neurological control (weighted mean difference (WMD) = 4.18, 95% CI [2.525, 6.990],  p  &lt; 0.001), and other neurological diseases (WMD = 6.005, 95% CI [1.596, 10.414],  p  = 0.008). Increased urinary p75 ECD  levels were inversely associated with ALSFRS-R in ALS patients ( r  = −0.32, 95% CI [−0.43, −0.21],  p  &lt; 0.001).  Conclusions:  Given the associations between p75 ECD  and ALS found in this meta-analysis, urinary p75 ECD  levels have potential to be used as a diagnostic biomarker and a progression indicator in the future.

Urinary p75 ECD levels in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a meta-analysis