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Long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) are the most widely used vector control interventions for preventing malaria transmission. The study sought to determine the regular use of LLIN, factors associated with the usage and the effect of regular LLIN utilization on the development of malaria among under-five children. This was a hospital-based cross-sectional observation study. We enrolled consecutive caregivers with their children aged 6 to 59 months who presented with fever in the absence of a localizing sign. A structured questionnaire was used to obtain information about the level of utilization of LLIN. Malaria parasitemia was detected using the  P. falciparum  rapid diagnostic test kit and/or microscopic examination of blood. A total of 303 children/caregivers pair was studied. The mother’s mean (SD) age was 37.17 (6.75) years, while the children was 24.36 (16.63) months. The majority (183; 60.4%) of the children were male. Parental awareness of LLIN was high (96.7%), LLIN ownership was 72.3%, however, only 119 (39.3%) were regular user of LLIN. Factors significantly associated with regular LLIN use were younger age, parental awareness, ownership of LLIN, source of acquisition of LLIN and permanently hanging the LLIN on sleeping space (p = 0.031, 0.010, 0.000, 0.006 and 0.000 respectively). Using binary logistic regression, the child’s age, source of LLIN and hanging the LLIN permanently on the bed remained statistically significant to the regular use of LLIN (p = 0.046, 0.035 and 0.000 respectively). The frequency of malaria was significantly higher among the children who did not use and those who uses LLIN irregularly (97.1% versus 32.9%, p = 0.000). Regular use of LLIN is low in the study area. Hanging the insecticidal bed-net permanently on the bed/sleeping space promotes its regular usage. The frequency of malaria was reduced among the children using the LLIN regularly.

Utilization of long lasting insecticidal net among children aged less than five years in a tertiary health facility in south-west Nigeria