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Information on the mosquito species that transmit canine filariosis is scanty. Hence, an experimental study was conducted to identify the potential vectors responsible for the transmission of  D. immitis  Leidy and  B. pahangi  Buckley &amp; Edeson. A total of 367 mosquitoes belonging to six species containing both laboratory and field strains (i.e.  Aedes togoi  Theobald,  Aedes aegypti  Linnaeus,  Aedes albopictus  Skuse,  Culex quinquefasciatus  Say,  Culex vishnui  Theobald and  Anopheles dirus  Peyton &amp; Harrison) were used in this study. All mosquitoes were artificially fed on either  D. immitis  or  B. pahang i microfilariae (mfs) infected blood by using the Hemotek™ membrane feeding system. Out of 367 mosquitoes, 228 (64.9%) were fully engorged. After feeding on  D. immitis  (20%) and  B. pahangi  (33%) mfs positive blood, the mortality rates for  Cx. quinquefasciatus  were found to be slightly lower than that of other species of mosquitoes. On the other hand, majority of  An. dirus  were found to be incapable to withstand the infection of mfs as the mortality rates were relatively high ( D. immitis  = 71.4%;  B. pahangi  = 100.0%).  Brugia pahangi  was detected in  Ae. togoi  and  Cx. quinquefasciatus  with infection rates of 50% and 25%, respectively.  Aedes togoi  was the only species infected with  D. immitis  with an infection rate of 69%. Our results showed that  Ae. togoi  was an excellent experimental vector for both  D. immitis  and  B. pahangi . This study also documented the observation of  B. pahangi , for the first time in the head region of  Cx. quinquefasciatu s under a laboratory setting.

pathogens and global health

Identification of potential vectors of  Dirofilaria immitis  and  Brugia pahangi  (Spirurida: Filariidae): First observation of infective third-stage larva of  B. pahangi  in  Culex quinquefasciatus  (Diptera: Culicidae)