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This paper proposes four novel designs of steel-concrete interface connections in fully encased composite (FEC) columns ((i) C1 Bars welded to the steel's flange, (ii) C2 Bars welded to the steel's web, (iii) C3 Bars welded to the steel's flange with the stirrup, and (iv) C4 Bars welded to the steel's flange side with the stirrup) to connect the concrete reinforcement bars to the steel section to be used as shear connectors and stirrups at the same time. Using regular reinforcing bars in these designs make them easier to design, fabricate, and install on structural steel. The finite element models were built using ANSYS software and calibrated with previously published experimental results (load-displacement curve, load capacity and failure mode). The results show that using the proposed designs have increased the strength capacity by 0.46%-8.37%, the ductility improved by 12.73%-25.18% and the stiffness increased 0.21%-17.72% compared to the FEC column without any connectors and the FEC column with stud connector.

Novel types of connection between steel and concrete in fully encased composite columns under cyclic loading