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With the fast-developing bioengineering techniques in recent decades, researchers have started to try to apply bio-techniques to geotechnical engineering. Microbial induced calcite precipitation (MICP) has known a mushroom growth, due to its sustainability and feasibility. In order to achieve lower cost, higher efficiency and higher operational feasibility, many studies have been carried out to optimise the protocols. It is crucial to review the existing literature to give a synthetic summary of the optimised conditions in the various protocols. This article assembled, analysed and summarised the results of studies on the optimisation of protocols in state-of-the-art literature. The main factors incorporating biological, physical, chemical and operational aspects, were presented in this article. It can provide a clear insight in how these factors are acting on the process. Up-to-date instructions on the selection of parameters can inspire further studies.

Optimizing protocols for microbial induced calcite precipitation (MICP) for soil improvement–a review