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The study of ultimate bearing capacity (UBC) of uplift piles in combined soil and rock mass is of great significance in engineering. In order to study the UBC of uplift piles in combined soil and rock mass,  in situ  uplift tests in practical engineering were conducted, and a suitable Flac 3D  numerical simulation model was established by combining with geological conditions in engineering and  in situ  test data. And a combined inverted cone failure model was modified for the calculation of UBC. The normal stress and shear stress on the failure surface of soil and rock mass were solved based on zero-tension truncation modified, small and non-zero tensile truncation modified Mohr–Cloumb criterion. Finally, the UBC of uplift pile was solved according to the upper bound method of limit analysis. Although the obtained calculation formula can reflect the change of the UBC of uplift pile with different rock-socketed depths, the calculation accuracy was not high enough and the error was relatively large. Consequently, the proposed analytical formula was further modified. The results showed that the proposed UBC formula can be used to predict the UBC of uplift pile in combined soil and rock mass.

A method for calculating the ultimate bearing capacity of uplift piles in combined soil and rock mass