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Methanogens, reductive acetogens and sulfate-reducing bacteria play an important role in disposing of hydrogen in gut ecosystems. However, how they interact with each other remains largely unknown. This  in vitro  study cocultured  Blautia hydrogenotrophica  (reductive acetogen),  Desulfovibrio piger  (sulfate reducer) and  Methanobrevibacter smithii  (methanogen). Results revealed that these three species coexisted and did not compete for hydrogen in the early phase of incubations. Sulfate reduction was not affected by  B. hydrogenotrophica  and  M. smithii .  D. piger  inhibited the growth of  B. hydrogenotrophica  and  M. smithii  after 10 h incubations, and the inhibition on  M. smithii  was associated with increased sulfide concentration. Remarkably,  M. smithii  growth lag phase was shortened by coculturing with  B. hydrogenotrophica  and  D. piger . Formate was rapidly used by  M. smithii  under high acetate concentration. Overall, these findings indicated that the interactions of the hydrogenotrophic microbes are condition-dependent, suggesting their interactions may vary in gut ecosystems.

In vitro interactions between Blautia hydrogenotrophica , Desulfovibrio piger and Methanobrevibacter smithii under hydrogenotrophic conditions