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In this study, the energy efficiency of three alternative grinding media including, coarse silica beads, fine silica beads, and granular sand, were evaluated and compared against standard stainless steel. Stirred mill test results show that both silica beads and granular sand were more efficient than stainless steel in producing ultrafine particles following the order of coarse silica beads&gt;granular sand&gt;fine silica beads&gt;stainless steel. The finest product size corresponding to a P 80  value of 2.33 μm was generated by coarse silica beads with a nominal size of 420 × 1190 μm, which also consumed the least amount of grinding energy. The specific energy input was reduced by almost 50% as opposed to that of stainless steel, while the operating work index was reduced by 87%. Overall, the test data indicate that grinding media density, media particle size and shape all play a role in determining the optimized grinding behavior of the coal material.

Exploratory investigation on the use of low-cost alternative media for ultrafine grinding of coal