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This study focused on the mechanisms of NaCl and CaCl 2  enhancing the oily-bubble flotation of lignite. The degree of surface hydration of coal particles before and after conditioning with NaCl/CaCl 2  was evaluated with the Einstein theory of dispersion viscosity, while the effect of these two electrolytes on lignite floatability was evaluated via attachment time and flotation tests. The results indicated the adsorption amount of Ca 2+  on the coal sample was more than that of Na +  in the same electrolyte concentration. Owing to the cationic adsorption, the zeta potential of lignite particles increased with increasing NaCl and CaCl 2  concentrations, which thus decreased the electrostatic repulsion between coal particles and oily bubbles. Moreover, the hydration of the coal surface decreased when NaCl/CaCl 2  was added to flotation pulp, meaning the surface hydrophilicity of the coal sample was reduced. As a result, the attachment time between coal particles and oily bubbles decreased significantly, and the combustible-matter recovery correspondingly increased up to a maximum of 50.97% and 90.06% with increasing NaCl and CaCl 2  solutions concentration, respectively. However, it is necessary to keep the electrolyte solution concentration within a reasonable range for a good selectivity during the oily-bubble flotation.

Effects of NaCl/CaCl 2 on the surface hydration and flotation of lignite particles