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In Asia, uneaten cooked rice is the highest portion amongst many forms of food wastes that are thrown away. In order to make use of the thrown-away rice and potentially use it for liquid fuels, steamed Japanese rice was evaluated on biobutanol production through a two-step fermentation by amylase-producing  Aspergillus oryzae , and solvent-producing  Clostridium acetobutylicum  YM1. The effects of sterilization and providing anaerobic conditions on solvent production in acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation cannot be underestimated. Several conditions, including aerobic, anaerobic, sterile, and non-sterile were investigated concerning the solvent production capability of  Clostridium acetobutylicum  YM1. The maximum solvent production was 11.02 ± 0.22 g/l butanol and 18.03 ± 0.34 g/l total ABE from 75 g/l dried rice. The results confirmed that the solvent production performance of the YM1 strain was not affected by the sterilization conditions. In particular, 10.91 ± 0.16 g/l butanol and 16.68 ± 0.22 g/l ABE were produced under non-sterile and aerobic conditions, which can reduce industrial-scale production costs.

Two-step fermentation of cooked rice with Aspergillus oryzae and Clostridium acetobutylicum YM1 for biobutanol production