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Long-acting muscarinic receptor antagonist (LAMA)/β 2 -agonist (LABA) combinations represent a significant improvement in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) due to their remarkable ability to improve lung function, dyspnea, quality of life, and exercise capacity compared to mono-components. This article aims to report the latest information on the clinical impact of dual bronchodilation in COPD. The available data supports the use of inhaled LAMA/LABA FDCs in treating COPD patients, particularly those with severe or very severe disease. These combinations provide short – and long-term benefits to COPD patients without increasing the dose of the single components, which reduces the risk of adverse events while ensuring an improvement in clinical efficacy. Unfortunately, head-to-head studies comparing all exiting LABA/LAMA combinations are relatively few. Since each available LAMA/LABA combination has a unique efficacy/safety profile that must be considered for personalized COPD therapy, further randomized controlled trials and real-world studies lasting at least one year are needed to assess what differences, if any, there are in terms of clinical outcomes when dual LAMA/LABA inhalers are compared to LAMA or LABA single inhalers, and to compare different LAMA/LABA FDCs.

Pharmacotherapy of LAMA/LABA inhaled therapy combinations for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a clinical overview