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This study aimed to investigate the isolated effects of NaHCO 3  on cycling time‐trial performance. Furthermore, we investigated whether the ingestion time of NaHCO 3 , standardized or individualized based on time to peak, could be effective in improving cycling time‐trial performance. A systematic review was carried out on randomized placebo‐controlled studies. A random‐effects meta‐analysis assessed the standardized mean difference (SMD) between NaHCO 3  and placebo conditions. Eighteen studies were qualitatively (systematic review) and quantitatively (meta‐analysis) analysed concerning mean power output (W mean ) ( n  = 182) and time performance ( n  = 201). The reviewed studies showed a low risk of bias and homogenous results for W mean  (I 2  = 0%) and performance time (I 2  = 0%). Overall, when compared to placebo, the NaHCO 3  ingestion improved the W mean  (SMD: 0.42; 95% CI: 0.21–0.63;  P  = 0.001) and performance time (SMD: 0.22; 95% CI: 0.02–0.43;  P  = 0.03). Similarly, the NaHCO 3  ingestion using a time‐to‐peak strategy improved the W mean  (SMD: 0.39; 95% CI: 0.03–0.75;  P  = 0.04; I 2  = 15%) and performance time (SMD: 0.34; 95% CI: 0.07–0.61,  P  = 0.01, I 2  = 0%). The present findings reveal that NaHCO 3  ingestion has the potential to increase the overall performance time and W mean  in cycling time trials.   HighlightsNaHCO 3  is an effective strategy to increase cycling time‐trial performance.  The standardized protocol did not improve the cycling time‐trial performance parameters.  The individualized time‐to‐peak NaHCO 3  ingestion has a positive effect on time and W mean  during cycling time‐trial performance

Acute effects of sodium bicarbonate ingestion on cycling time‐trial performance: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials