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Increasing demands for full-glazed façades have motivated designers/researchers to propose advanced control strategies for dynamic shading systems to mitigate the negative impacts of excessive sunlight penetration into interior spaces. Nevertheless, in line with the latter, outside view is commonly obstructed as a result of utilizing conventional shading systems including Venetian blinds. This is primarily the consequence of conventional systems’ lack of flexibility to respond appropriately to occupants’ requirements and the sun's changing orientation. This paper presents the virtual prototype development of a Multi-layer blind system through a brute-force algorithm. It emphasizes proposing a customizable and affordable complex shading system with advanced control strategies for multiple building typologies. The research intends to improve visual comfort (daylight and glare) and maximize unblocked window view in a single office room located in Tehran. Furthermore, the control system was developed based on a combination of the cut-off and a glare protection control strategy. Concerning the cut-off control system, the slat angles change to block direct sun radiations, and then, if needed, the position of the front slat, named ‘View slat’, changes to avoid discomforting glare. In conclusion, the proposed prototype could improve daylight performance by up to 44% and maximize unobstructed outdoor view by approximately 47% in an almost glare-free zone. Finally, the usage of swarm intelligence could significantly improve the performance of the proposed prototype by determining which blind and how they should respond to environmental changes and occupants’ requirements. Abbreviations:  AFs: Adaptive Façades; OF: Openness Factor; OCF: Openness Curvature Factor; MLBS: Multi-layer Blind System; RML: Relative Maximum Luminance; GRV: Glare Response Vote; DA: Daylight Autonomy; Ev: Vertical eye illuminance; sDA: Spatial Daylight Autonomy; WPI: Work-plane Illuminance; DF: Daylight Factor; WFR: Window-to-Floor area Ratio; DGP: Discomfort Glare Probability; DGI: Discomfort Glare Index; UDI: Useful Daylight Illuminance; WPI: Work-plane Illuminance; GSV: Glare Sensation Vote; IV: A numerical score of the interest of a scene, assessed by a group of subjects; DGPs: Daylight Glare Probability simplified; cDA: Continuous Daylight autonomy; PGSV: Predicted Glare Sensation Vote; UDI_a: Useful Daylight Illuminance achieved; GSVs: Glare Sensation Votes

Advanced control strategy to maximize view and control discomforting glare: a complex adaptive façade