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Floating breakwaters (FB) play an important role in protecting the safety of marine structures. In this paper, the Fluid Structure Interaction (FSI) algorithm was used to numerically simulate the Box-type FB with waves. After the verification of the accuracy of the numerical model, the wave-eliminating mechanism of the submerged Box-type FB is explored, and the results indicate that the energy consumption at the corners of the Box-type FB is dominated, hence an I-shaped FB was proposed. The comparative study found that the improvement of wave-eliminating ability of I-shaped FB is mainly due to the improvement of reflection ability, and it reaches maximum when the ratio of the width of I-shaped FB to the wavelength equals 0.3. Then the motion response and the mooring force of the FB were investigated. The I-shaped FB could save 10−20% material than that of the Box-type FB with the same size.

The hydraulic characteristics and shape optimisation of submerged Box-type floating breakwater