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The present study examines the effectiveness of six LID-BMPs in urban runoff reduction in Neyshabour city, Iran. The validated Storm Water Management Model (SWMM5.1) was employed to assess the effectiveness of LID-BMPs in mitigating runoff volume. The hydrological model was calibrated and validated with nine in-site measured flood hydrographs. 11 LID-BMP scenarios were planned to determine the most effective combination of LID-BMPs. The results showed that according to the site conditions, Infiltration Trench (IT) and Rain Barrel (RB) practices with 22.2% and 0.4% reduction rates had the highest and lowest efficiency in reducing urban runoff. By assessing various combinations of LID-BMPs, it was found that the combination of IT, Bio-Retention (BR), Stormwater Dry Ponds (SDP), Porous Pavement (PP), and Rain Garden (RG) provides the most effective strategy for runoff management. Despite the high efficiency of LID-BMPs in reducing runoff, they are not able to completely handle the consequences of urbanization.

Evaluating the impact of LID-BMPs on urban runoff reduction in an urban sub-catchment