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Lifestyle-related phenotypes have been shown to be heritable and associated with DNA methylation. We aimed to investigate whether genetic predisposition to tobacco smoking, alcohol consumption, and higher body mass index (BMI) moderates the effect of these phenotypes on blood DNA methylation. We calculated polygenic scores (PGS) to quantify genetic predisposition to these phenotypes using training ( N  = 7,431) and validation ( N  = 4,307) samples. Using paired genetic-methylation data ( N  = 4,307), gene–environment interactions (i.e., PGS × lifestyle) were assessed using linear mixed-effects models with outcomes: 1) methylation at sites found to be strongly associated with smoking (1,061 CpGs), alcohol consumption (459 CpGs), and BMI (85 CpGs) and 2) two epigenetic ageing measures,  PhenoAge  and  GrimAge . In the validation sample, PGS explained ~1.4% ( P  = 1 × 10 −14 ), ~0.6% ( P  = 2 × 10 −7 ), and ~8.7% ( P  = 7 × 10 −87 ) of variance in smoking initiation, alcohol consumption, and BMI, respectively. Nominally significant interaction effects ( P  &lt; 0.05) were found at 61, 14, and 7 CpGs for smoking, alcohol consumption, and BMI, respectively. There was strong evidence that all lifestyle-related phenotypes were positively associated with  PhenoAge  and  GrimAge , except for alcohol consumption with  PhenoAge . There was weak evidence that the association of smoking with  GrimAge  was attenuated in participants genetically predisposed to smoking (interaction term: −0.022, standard error [SE] = 0.012,  P  = 0.058) and that the association of alcohol consumption with  PhenoAge  was attenuated in those genetically predisposed to drink alcohol (interaction term: −0.030, SE = 0.015,  P  = 0.041). In conclusion, genetic susceptibility to unhealthy lifestyles did not strongly modify the association between observed lifestyle behaviour and blood DNA methylation. Potential associations were observed for epigenetic ageing measures, which should be replicated in additional studies.

Does genetic predisposition modify the effect of lifestyle-related factors on DNA methylation?