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This article addresses the complexities brought about by the increased integration of renewable energy sources into power networks, a trend that can lead to system degradation and instability. In response, this study advocates for the adoption of a Demand Response (DR) approach as a pivotal component in ensuring the future reliability of the electric power system. To facilitate frequency regulation in an interconnected hybrid power system, a modified two-degree-of-freedom (fractional order proportional integral)-tilt derivative [TDOF (FOPI)-TD] controller has been developed. The controller’s parameters are finely tuned through the application of Quasi Opposition-based Harris Hawks Optimization (QOHHO), a method proven to outperform other optimization algorithms. The findings demonstrate a significant enhancement in system frequency stability with the implementation of the QOHHO-based controller, even when factoring in uncertainties, physical constraints, and high penetration of renewable energy sources. Additionally, an evaluation of variations in system frequencies and tie-line power adjustments reveals minimal deviations with DR, measuring at −3.59E–05, −1.89E–04, and 9.26E–05, respectively. In stark contrast, in the absence of DR implementation, the deviations are notably higher, recorded at −1.31E–04, −2.73E–04, and 1.73E–04, respectively. Furthermore, a real-time assessment conducted on the OPAL-RT OP4510 platform validates the proposed strategy’s applicability under source and load intermittency conditions. This substantiates its effectiveness in real-world scenarios.

Enhanced frequency stabilization in a restructured power system leveraging Demand response strategy for source and Load Intermittency